Node.js Web应用

注解

• This example assumes you have Docker running in daemon mode. For more information please see 检测Docker安装情况.
• If you don’t like sudo then see Giving non-root access

创建Node.js应用¶

First, create a package.json file that describes your app and its dependencies:

{
  "name": "docker-centos-hello",
  "private": true,
  "version": "0.0.1",
  "description": "Node.js Hello World app on CentOS using docker",
  "author": "Daniel Gasienica <daniel@gasienica.ch>",
  "dependencies": {
    "express": "3.2.4"
  }
}

Then, create an index.js file that defines a web app using the Express.js framework:

var express = require('express');

// Constants
var PORT = 8080;

// App
var app = express();
app.get('/', function (req, res) {
  res.send('Hello Worldn');
});

app.listen(PORT)
console.log('Running on http://localhost:' + PORT);

In the next steps, we’ll look at how you can run this app inside a CentOS container using Docker. First, you’ll need to build a Docker image of your app.

创建一个 Dockerfile¶

Create an empty file called Dockerfile:

touch Dockerfile

Open the Dockerfile in your favorite text editor and add the following line that defines the version of Docker the image requires to build (this example uses Docker 0.3.4):

# DOCKER-VERSION 0.3.4

Next, define the parent image you want to use to build your own image on top of. Here, we’ll use CentOS (tag: 6.4) available on the Docker index:

FROM    centos:6.4

Since we’re building a Node.js app, you’ll have to install Node.js as well as npm on your CentOS image. Node.js is required to run your app and npm to install your app’s dependencies defined in package.json. To install the right package for CentOS, we’ll use the instructions from the Node.js wiki:

# Enable EPEL for Node.js
RUN     rpm -Uvh http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
# Install Node.js and npm
RUN     yum install -y npm

To bundle your app’s source code inside the Docker image, use the ADD instruction:

# Bundle app source
ADD . /src

Install your app dependencies using the npm binary:

# Install app dependencies
RUN cd /src; npm install

Your app binds to port 8080 so you’ll use the EXPOSE instruction to have it mapped by the docker daemon:

EXPOSE  8080

Last but not least, define the command to run your app using CMD which defines your runtime, i.e. node, and the path to our app, i.e. src/index.js (see the step where we added the source to the container):

CMD ["node", "/src/index.js"]

Your Dockerfile should now look like this:

# DOCKER-VERSION 0.3.4
FROM    centos:6.4

# Enable EPEL for Node.js
RUN     rpm -Uvh http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
# Install Node.js and npm
RUN     yum install -y npm

# Bundle app source
ADD . /src
# Install app dependencies
RUN cd /src; npm install

EXPOSE  8080
CMD ["node", "/src/index.js"]

创建镜像¶

Go to the directory that has your Dockerfile and run the following command to build a Docker image. The -t flag let’s you tag your image so it’s easier to find later using the docker images command:

sudo docker build -t <your username>/centos-node-hello .

Your image will now be listed by Docker:

sudo docker images

> # Example
> REPOSITORY                 TAG       ID              CREATED
> centos                     6.4       539c0211cd76    8 weeks ago
> gasi/centos-node-hello     latest    d64d3505b0d2    2 hours ago

运行镜像¶

Running your image with -d runs the container in detached mode, leaving the container running in the background. The -p flag redirects a public port to a private port in the container. Run the image you previously built:

sudo docker run -p 49160:8080 -d <your username>/centos-node-hello

Print the output of your app:

# Get container ID
sudo docker ps

# Print app output
sudo docker logs <container id>

> # Example
> Running on http://localhost:8080

测试¶

To test your app, get the the port of your app that Docker mapped:

sudo docker ps

> # Example
> ID            IMAGE                          COMMAND              ...   PORTS
> ecce33b30ebf  gasi/centos-node-hello:latest  node /src/index.js         49160->8080

In the example above, Docker mapped the 8080 port of the container to 49160.

Now you can call your app using curl (install if needed via: sudo apt-get install curl):

curl -i localhost:49160

> HTTP/1.1 200 OK
> X-Powered-By: Express
> Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
> Content-Length: 12
> Date: Sun, 02 Jun 2013 03:53:22 GMT
> Connection: keep-alive
>
> Hello World

We hope this tutorial helped you get up and running with Node.js and CentOS on Docker. You can get the full source code at https://github.com/gasi/docker-node-hello.

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