PostgreSQL服务器

注解

• This example assumes you have Docker running in daemon mode. For more information please see 检测Docker安装情况.
• If you don’t like sudo then see Giving non-root access

注解

A shorter version of this blog post.

Installing PostgreSQL on Docker¶

Run an interactive shell in a Docker container.

sudo docker run -i -t ubuntu /bin/bash

Update its dependencies.

apt-get update

Install python-software-properties, software-properties-common, wget and vim.

apt-get -y install python-software-properties software-properties-common wget vim

Add PostgreSQL’s repository. It contains the most recent stable release of PostgreSQL, 9.3.

wget --quiet -O - https://www.postgresql.org/media/keys/ACCC4CF8.asc | apt-key add -
echo "deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ precise-pgdg main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list
apt-get update

Finally, install PostgreSQL 9.3

apt-get -y install postgresql-9.3 postgresql-client-9.3 postgresql-contrib-9.3

Now, create a PostgreSQL superuser role that can create databases and other roles. Following Vagrant’s convention the role will be named docker with docker password assigned to it.

su postgres -c "createuser -P -d -r -s docker"

Create a test database also named docker owned by previously created docker role.

su postgres -c "createdb -O docker docker"

Adjust PostgreSQL configuration so that remote connections to the database are possible. Make sure that inside /etc/postgresql/9.3/main/pg_hba.conf you have following line:

host    all             all             0.0.0.0/0               md5

Additionaly, inside /etc/postgresql/9.3/main/postgresql.conf uncomment listen_addresses like so:

listen_addresses='*'

Exit.

exit

Create an image from our container and assign it a name. The <container_id> is in the Bash prompt; you can also locate it using docker ps -a.

sudo docker commit <container_id> <your username>/postgresql

Finally, run the PostgreSQL server via docker.

CONTAINER=$(sudo docker run -d -p 5432 
  -t <your username>/postgresql 
  /bin/su postgres -c '/usr/lib/postgresql/9.3/bin/postgres 
    -D /var/lib/postgresql/9.3/main 
    -c config_file=/etc/postgresql/9.3/main/postgresql.conf')

Connect the PostgreSQL server using psql (You will need the postgresql client installed on the machine. For ubuntu, use something like sudo apt-get install postgresql-client).

CONTAINER_IP=$(sudo docker inspect -format='{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}' $CONTAINER)
psql -h $CONTAINER_IP -p 5432 -d docker -U docker -W

As before, create roles or databases if needed.

psql (9.3.1)
Type "help" for help.

docker=# CREATE DATABASE foo OWNER=docker;
CREATE DATABASE

Additionally, publish your newly created image on the Docker Index.

sudo docker login
Username: <your username>
[...]

sudo docker push <your username>/postgresql

PostgreSQL service auto-launch¶

Running our image seems complicated. We have to specify the whole command with docker run. Let’s simplify it so the service starts automatically when the container starts.

sudo docker commit -run='{"Cmd": 
  ["/bin/su", "postgres", "-c", "/usr/lib/postgresql/9.3/bin/postgres -D 
  /var/lib/postgresql/9.3/main -c 
  config_file=/etc/postgresql/9.3/main/postgresql.conf"], "PortSpecs": ["5432"]}' 
  <container_id> <your username>/postgresql

From now on, just type docker run <your username>/postgresql and PostgreSQL should automatically start.