发布于 2016-01-02 09:34:31 | 579 次阅读 | 评论: 0 | 来源: 网络整理
数组是一个可以在两个以上的维度存储数据的R数据对象。例如 - 如果创建尺寸(2,3,4)的数组,那么创建4个矩形矩阵每2行3列。数组只能存储数据类型。
使用 array()函数创建数组。它需要向量作为输入,并使用 dim 参数的值,以创建一个数组。
# Create two vectors of different lengths.
vector1 <- c(5,9,3)
vector2 <- c(10,11,12,13,14,15)
# Take these vectors as input to the array.
result <- array(c(vector1,vector2),dim=c(3,3,2))
print(result)
当我们上面的代码执行时,它产生以下结果:
, , 1
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 5 10 13
[2,] 9 11 14
[3,] 3 12 15
, , 2
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 5 10 13
[2,] 9 11 14
[3,] 3 12 15
我们可以通过使用dimnames参数给予名称添加到数组中的行,列和矩阵。
# Create two vectors of different lengths.
vector1 <- c(5,9,3)
vector2 <- c(10,11,12,13,14,15)
column.names <- c("COL1","COL2","COL3")
row.names <- c("ROW1","ROW2","ROW3")
matrix.names <- c("Matrix1","Matrix2")
# Take these vectors as input to the array.
result <- array(c(vector1,vector2),dim=c(3,3,2),dimnames = list(column.names,row.names,matrix.names))
print(result)
当我们上面的代码执行时,它产生以下结果:
, , Matrix1
ROW1 ROW2 ROW3
COL1 5 10 13
COL2 9 11 14
COL3 3 12 15
, , Matrix2
ROW1 ROW2 ROW3
COL1 5 10 13
COL2 9 11 14
COL3 3 12 15
# Create two vectors of different lengths.
vector1 <- c(5,9,3)
vector2 <- c(10,11,12,13,14,15)
column.names <- c("COL1","COL2","COL3")
row.names <- c("ROW1","ROW2","ROW3")
matrix.names <- c("Matrix1","Matrix2")
# Take these vectors as input to the array.
result <- array(c(vector1,vector2),dim=c(3,3,2),dimnames = list(column.names,row.names,matrix.names))
# Print the third row of the second matrix of the array.
print(result[3,,2])
# Print the element in the 1st row and 3rd column of the 1st matrix.
print(result[1,3,1])
# Print the 2nd Matrix.
print(result[,,2])
当我们上面的代码执行时,它产生以下结果:
ROW1 ROW2 ROW3
3 12 15
[1] 13
ROW1 ROW2 ROW3
COL1 5 10 13
COL2 9 11 14
COL3 3 12 15
作为数组由矩阵中多个维度上数组的元素的操作,是由访问矩阵的元素进行。
# Create two vectors of different lengths.
vector1 <- c(5,9,3)
vector2 <- c(10,11,12,13,14,15)
# Take these vectors as input to the array.
array1 <- array(c(vector1,vector2),dim=c(3,3,2))
# Create two vectors of different lengths.
vector3 <- c(9,1,0)
vector4 <- c(6,0,11,3,14,1,2,6,9)
array2 <- array(c(vector1,vector2),dim=c(3,3,2))
# create matrices from these arrays.
matrix1 <- array1[,,2]
matrix2 <- array2[,,2]
# Add the matrices.
result <- matrix1+matrix2
print(result)
当我们上面的代码执行时,它产生以下结果:
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 10 20 26
[2,] 18 22 28
[3,] 6 24 30
我们可以用 apply()函数在一个数组做跨越元素计算。
apply(x, margin, fun)
以下是所使用的参数的说明:
我们使用下面的 apply()函数来计算在所有矩阵中的阵列的行中的元素的总和。
# Create two vectors of different lengths.
vector1 <- c(5,9,3)
vector2 <- c(10,11,12,13,14,15)
# Take these vectors as input to the array.
new.array <- array(c(vector1,vector2),dim=c(3,3,2))
print(new.array)
# Use apply to calculate the sum of the rows across all the matrices.
result <- apply(new.array, c(1), sum)
print(result)
当我们上面的代码执行时,它产生以下结果:
, , 1
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 5 10 13
[2,] 9 11 14
[3,] 3 12 15
, , 2
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 5 10 13
[2,] 9 11 14
[3,] 3 12 15
[1] 56 68 60