发布于 2015-08-27 16:26:33 | 234 次阅读 | 评论: 0 | 来源: 网络整理
The security system is one of the most powerful parts of Symfony, and can largely be controlled via its configuration.
The following is the full default configuration for the security system. Each part will be explained in the next section.
2.5 新版功能: Support for restricting security firewalls to specific http methods was introduced in Symfony 2.5.
# app/config/security.yml
security:
access_denied_url: ~ # Example: /foo/error403
# strategy can be: none, migrate, invalidate
session_fixation_strategy: migrate
hide_user_not_found: true
always_authenticate_before_granting: false
erase_credentials: true
access_decision_manager:
strategy: affirmative
allow_if_all_abstain: false
allow_if_equal_granted_denied: true
acl:
# any name configured in doctrine.dbal section
connection: ~
cache:
id: ~
prefix: sf2_acl_
provider: ~
tables:
class: acl_classes
entry: acl_entries
object_identity: acl_object_identities
object_identity_ancestors: acl_object_identity_ancestors
security_identity: acl_security_identities
voter:
allow_if_object_identity_unavailable: true
encoders:
# Examples:
AcmeDemoBundleEntityUser1: sha512
AcmeDemoBundleEntityUser2:
algorithm: sha512
encode_as_base64: true
iterations: 5000
# PBKDF2 encoder
# see the note about PBKDF2 below for details on security and speed
AcmeYourClassName:
algorithm: pbkdf2
hash_algorithm: sha512
encode_as_base64: true
iterations: 1000
key_length: 40
# Example options/values for what a custom encoder might look like
AcmeDemoBundleEntityUser3:
id: my.encoder.id
# BCrypt encoder
# see the note about bcrypt below for details on specific dependencies
AcmeDemoBundleEntityUser4:
algorithm: bcrypt
cost: 13
# Plaintext encoder
# it does not do any encoding
AcmeDemoBundleEntityUser5:
algorithm: plaintext
ignore_case: false
providers: # Required
# Examples:
my_in_memory_provider:
memory:
users:
foo:
password: foo
roles: ROLE_USER
bar:
password: bar
roles: [ROLE_USER, ROLE_ADMIN]
my_entity_provider:
entity:
class: SecurityBundle:User
property: username
# name of a non-default entity manager
manager_name: ~
# Example custom provider
my_some_custom_provider:
id: ~
# Chain some providers
my_chain_provider:
chain:
providers: [ my_in_memory_provider, my_entity_provider ]
firewalls: # Required
# Examples:
somename:
pattern: .*
# restrict the firewall to a specific host
host: admin.example.com
# restrict the firewall to specific http methods
methods: [GET, POST]
request_matcher: some.service.id
access_denied_url: /foo/error403
access_denied_handler: some.service.id
entry_point: some.service.id
provider: some_key_from_above
# manages where each firewall stores session information
# See "Firewall Context" below for more details
context: context_key
stateless: false
x509:
provider: some_key_from_above
remote_user:
provider: some_key_from_above
http_basic:
provider: some_key_from_above
http_digest:
provider: some_key_from_above
form_login:
# submit the login form here
check_path: /login_check
# the user is redirected here when they need to log in
login_path: /login
# if true, forward the user to the login form instead of redirecting
use_forward: false
# login success redirecting options (read further below)
always_use_default_target_path: false
default_target_path: /
target_path_parameter: _target_path
use_referer: false
# login failure redirecting options (read further below)
failure_path: /foo
failure_forward: false
failure_path_parameter: _failure_path
failure_handler: some.service.id
success_handler: some.service.id
# field names for the username and password fields
username_parameter: _username
password_parameter: _password
# csrf token options
csrf_parameter: _csrf_token
intention: authenticate
csrf_provider: my.csrf_provider.id
# by default, the login form *must* be a POST, not a GET
post_only: true
remember_me: false
# by default, a session must exist before submitting an authentication request
# if false, then Request::hasPreviousSession is not called during authentication
# new in Symfony 2.3
require_previous_session: true
remember_me:
token_provider: name
key: someS3cretKey
name: NameOfTheCookie
lifetime: 3600 # in seconds
path: /foo
domain: somedomain.foo
secure: false
httponly: true
always_remember_me: false
remember_me_parameter: _remember_me
logout:
path: /logout
target: /
invalidate_session: false
delete_cookies:
a: { path: null, domain: null }
b: { path: null, domain: null }
handlers: [some.service.id, another.service.id]
success_handler: some.service.id
anonymous: ~
# Default values and options for any firewall
some_firewall_listener:
pattern: ~
security: true
request_matcher: ~
access_denied_url: ~
access_denied_handler: ~
entry_point: ~
provider: ~
stateless: false
context: ~
logout:
csrf_parameter: _csrf_token
csrf_provider: ~
intention: logout
path: /logout
target: /
success_handler: ~
invalidate_session: true
delete_cookies:
# Prototype
name:
path: ~
domain: ~
handlers: []
anonymous:
key: 4f954a0667e01
switch_user:
provider: ~
parameter: _switch_user
role: ROLE_ALLOWED_TO_SWITCH
access_control:
requires_channel: ~
# use the urldecoded format
path: ~ # Example: ^/path to resource/
host: ~
ips: []
methods: []
roles: []
role_hierarchy:
ROLE_ADMIN: [ROLE_ORGANIZER, ROLE_USER]
ROLE_SUPERADMIN: [ROLE_ADMIN]
When using the form_login authentication listener beneath a firewall, there are several common options for configuring the “form login” experience.
For even more details, see How to Customize your Form Login.
type: string default: /login
This is the route or path that the user will be redirected to (unless use_forward is set to true) when they try to access a protected resource but isn’t fully authenticated.
This path must be accessible by a normal, un-authenticated user, else you may create a redirect loop. For details, see “Avoid Common Pitfalls”.
type: string default: /login_check
This is the route or path that your login form must submit to. The firewall will intercept any requests (POST requests only, by default) to this URL and process the submitted login credentials.
Be sure that this URL is covered by your main firewall (i.e. don’t create a separate firewall just for check_path URL).
type: Boolean default: false
If you’d like the user to be forwarded to the login form instead of being redirected, set this option to true.
type: string default: _username
This is the field name that you should give to the username field of your login form. When you submit the form to check_path, the security system will look for a POST parameter with this name.
type: string default: _password
This is the field name that you should give to the password field of your login form. When you submit the form to check_path, the security system will look for a POST parameter with this name.
type: Boolean default: true
By default, you must submit your login form to the check_path URL as a POST request. By setting this option to false, you can send a GET request to the check_path URL.
always_use_default_target_path (type: Boolean, default: false)default_target_path (type: string, default: /)target_path_parameter (type: string, default: _target_path)use_referer (type: Boolean, default: false)The PBKDF2 encoder provides a high level of Cryptographic security, as recommended by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
You can see an example of the pbkdf2 encoder in the YAML block on this page.
But using PBKDF2 also warrants a warning: using it (with a high number of iterations) slows down the process. Thus, PBKDF2 should be used with caution and care.
A good configuration lies around at least 1000 iterations and sha512 for the hash algorithm.
警告
To use this encoder, you either need to use PHP Version 5.5 or install the ircmaxell/password-compat library via Composer.
# app/config/security.yml
security:
# ...
encoders:
SymfonyComponentSecurityCoreUserUser:
algorithm: bcrypt
cost: 15
<!-- app/config/security.xml -->
<config>
<!-- ... -->
<encoder
class="SymfonyComponentSecurityCoreUserUser"
algorithm="bcrypt"
cost="15"
/>
</config>
// app/config/security.php
$container->loadFromExtension('security', array(
// ...
'encoders' => array(
'SymfonyComponentSecurityCoreUserUser' => array(
'algorithm' => 'bcrypt',
'cost' => 15,
),
),
));
The cost can be in the range of 4-31 and determines how long a password will be encoded. Each increment of cost doubles the time it takes to encode a password.
If you don’t provide the cost option, the default cost of 13 is used.
注解
You can change the cost at any time — even if you already have some passwords encoded using a different cost. New passwords will be encoded using the new cost, while the already encoded ones will be validated using a cost that was used back when they were encoded.
A salt for each new password is generated automatically and need not be persisted. Since an encoded password contains the salt used to encode it, persisting the encoded password alone is enough.
注解
All the encoded passwords are 60 characters long, so make sure to allocate enough space for them to be persisted.
Most applications will only need one firewall. But if your application does use multiple firewalls, you’ll notice that if you’re authenticated in one firewall, you’re not automatically authenticated in another. In other words, the systems don’t share a common “context”: each firewall acts like a separate security system.
However, each firewall has an optional context key (which defaults to the name of the firewall), which is used when storing and retrieving security data to and from the session. If this key were set to the same value across multiple firewalls, the “context” could actually be shared:
# app/config/security.yml
security:
# ...
firewalls:
somename:
# ...
context: my_context
othername:
# ...
context: my_context
<!-- app/config/security.xml -->
<security:config>
<firewall name="somename" context="my_context">
<! ... ->
</firewall>
<firewall name="othername" context="my_context">
<! ... ->
</firewall>
</security:config>
// app/config/security.php
$container->loadFromExtension('security', array(
'firewalls' => array(
'somename' => array(
// ...
'context' => 'my_context'
),
'othername' => array(
// ...
'context' => 'my_context'
),
),
));
To use HTTP-Digest authentication you need to provide a realm and a key:
# app/config/security.yml
security:
firewalls:
somename:
http_digest:
key: "a_random_string"
realm: "secure-api"
<!-- app/config/security.xml -->
<security:config>
<firewall name="somename">
<http-digest key="a_random_string" realm="secure-api" />
</firewall>
</security:config>
// app/config/security.php
$container->loadFromExtension('security', array(
'firewalls' => array(
'somename' => array(
'http_digest' => array(
'key' => 'a_random_string',
'realm' => 'secure-api',
),
),
),
));