发布于 2015-08-18 16:33:57 | 303 次阅读 | 评论: 0 | 来源: 网络整理
单元测试方案和计算属性与之前单元测试基础中说明的相同,因为Ember.Component
集成自Ember.Object
。
在测试组件之前,需要确定测试应用的div
已经加到测试的html文件中:
<!-- as of time writing, ID attribute needs to be named exactly ember-testing --> <div id="ember-testing"></div> |
此外还需要通知Ember
使用这个元素来重新渲染应用。
App.rootElement = '#ember-testing'
|
组件可以使用moduleForComponent
助手来进行测试。下面是一个简单的Ember
控件:
App.PrettyColorComponent = Ember.Component.extend({ classNames: ['pretty-color'], attributeBindings: ['style'], style: function() { return 'color: ' + this.get('name') + ';'; }.property('name') }); |
其对应的Handlebars
模板:
对这个控件进行单元测试可以使用moduleForComponent
助手。助手将通过名称来查找这个组件(pretty-color)和其模板(如果存在)。
moduleForComponent('pretty-color');
|
现在每个测试有了一个subject()
函数,该函数是组件工厂的create
方法的一个别名。
下面是测试改变组件的颜色后,看看HTML是否重新渲染了。
test('changing colors', function(){ // this.subject() is available because we used moduleForComponent var component = this.subject(); // we wrap this with Ember.run because it is an async function Ember.run(function(){ component.set('name','red'); }); // first call to $() renders the component. equal(this.$().attr('style'), 'color: red;'); // another async function, so we need to wrap it with Ember.run Ember.run(function(){ component.set('name', 'green'); }); equal(this.$().attr('style'), 'color: green;'); }); |
另外一个可能的测试是检查组件的模板是否被正确地渲染了。
test('template is rendered with the color name', function(){ // this.subject() is available because we used moduleForComponent var component = this.subject(); // first call to $() renders the component. equal($.trim(this.$().text()), 'Pretty Color:'); // we wrap this with Ember.run because it is an async function Ember.run(function(){ component.set('name', 'green'); }); equal($.trim(this.$().text()), 'Pretty Color: green'); }); |
Ember组件可以方便的用来创建有力的、交互的、自包含的自定义HTML元素。正因为此,不仅测试组件自身的方法很重要,测试用户与组件的交互也一样的重要。
下面看一个非常简单的组件,该组件只是在被点击时设置自己的标题:
App.MyFooComponent = Em.Component.extend({ title:'Hello World', actions:{ updateTitle: function(){ this.set('title', 'Hello Ember World'); } } }); |
下面将使用集成测试助手来与渲染的组件进行交互。
moduleForComponent('my-foo', 'MyFooComponent'); test('clicking link updates the title', function() { var component = this.subject(); // append the component to the DOM this.append(); // assert default state equal(find('h2').text(), 'Hello World'); // perform click action click('button'); andThen(function() { // wait for async helpers to complete equal(find('h2').text(), 'Hello Ember World'); }); }); |
一些组件并不适用一个分离的模板。模板可以通过布局属性嵌入在组件代码中。例如:
App.MyFooComponent = Ember.Component.extend({ // layout supercedes template when rendered layout: Ember.Handlebars.compile( "<h2>I'm a little {{noun}}</h2><br/>" + "<button {{action 'clickFoo'}}>Click Me</button>" ), noun: 'teapot', actions:{ changeName: function(){ this.set('noun', 'embereño'); } } }); |
在本例中,也将对于组件的交互进行测试。
moduleForComponent('my-foo', 'MyFooComponent'); test('clicking link updates the title', function() { var component = this.subject(); // append the component to the DOM this.append(); // assert default state equal(find('h2').text(), "I'm a little teapot"); // perform click action click('button'); andThen(function() { // wait for async helpers to complete equal(find('h2').text(), "I'm a little embereño"); }); }); |
另外一种测试组件的方法是通过直接调用组件函数来取代与DOM进行交互。这里采用与之前相同的例子作为测试的对象,不同的是通过编码直接进行测试:
moduleForComponent('my-foo', 'MyFooComponent'); test('clicking link updates the title', function() { var component = this.subject(); // append the component to the DOM, returns DOM instance var $component = this.append(); // assert default state equal($component.find('h2').text(), "I'm a little teapot"); // send action programmatically Em.run(function(){ component.send('changeName'); }); equal($component.find('h2').text(), "I'm a little embereño"); }); |
sendAction
验证组件经常使用sendAction
,这是与Ember应用交互的一种方式。下面是一个简单的组件,当一个按钮被点击时,发送internalAction
操作:
App.MyFooComponent = Ember.Component.extend({ layout:Ember.Handlebars.compile("<button {{action 'doSomething'}}></button>"), actions:{ doSomething: function(){ this.sendAction('internalAction'); } } }); |
在测试中,将创建一个僵尸对象,用来接收组件发送的操作。
moduleForComponent('my-foo', 'MyFooComponent'); test('trigger external action when button is clicked', function() { // tell our test to expect 1 assertion expect(1); // component instance var component = this.subject(); // component dom instance var $component = this.append(); var targetObject = { externalAction: function(){ // we have the assertion here which will be // called when the action is triggered ok(true, 'external Action was called!'); } }; // setup a fake external action to be called when // button is clicked component.set('internalAction', 'externalAction'); // set the targetObject to our dummy object (this // is where sendAction will send it's action to) component.set('targetObject', targetObject); // click the button click('button'); }); |
有时候将组件拆分为父子组件更容易维护,下面是一个简单的例子:
App.MyAlbumComponent = Ember.Component.extend({ tagName: 'section', layout: Ember.Handlebars.compile( "<section>" + " <h3>{{title}}</h3>" + " {{yield}}" + "</section>" ), titleBinding: ['title'] }); App.MyKittenComponent = Ember.Component.extend({ tagName: 'img', attributeBindings: ['width', 'height', 'src'], src: function() { return 'http://placekitten.com/' + this.get('width') + '/' + this.get('height'); }.property('width', 'height') }); |
使用这个组件可能如下面代码所示:
通过needs
回调来测试这些包含子组件的组件非常容易。
moduleForComponent('my-album', 'MyAlbumComponent', { needs: ['component:my-kitten'] }); test('renders kittens', function() { expect(2); // component instance var component = this.subject({ template: Ember.Handlebars.compile( '{{#my-album title="Cats"}}' + ' {{my-kitten width="200" height="300"}}' + ' {{my-kitten width="100" height="100"}}' + ' {{my-kitten width="50" height="50"}}' + '{{/my-album}}' ) }); // append component to the dom var $component = this.append(); // perform assertions equal($component.find('h3:contains("Cats")').length, 1); equal($component.find('img').length, 3); }); |