发布于 2015-07-12 03:16:11 | 329 次阅读 | 评论: 0 | 来源: 网络整理
HAVING子句可以让我们挑选出该函数的结果符合某些条件的特定行。
WHERE子句所选列的条件,而HAVING子句地方条件由GROUP BY子句创建的组。
以下是HAVING子句在SELECT查询的位置:
SELECT
FROM
WHERE
GROUP BY
HAVING
ORDER BY
HAVING子句必须遵循在GROUP BY子句于一个查询,也必须先如果使用ORDER BY子句。以下是SELECT语句的语法,包括HAVING子句:
SELECT column1, column2
FROM table1, table2
WHERE [ conditions ]
GROUP BY column1, column2
HAVING [ conditions ]
ORDER BY column1, column2
考虑表COMPANY 有如下记录:
# select * from COMPANY;
id | name | age | address | salary
----+-------+-----+-----------+--------
1 | Paul | 32 | California| 20000
2 | Allen | 25 | Texas | 15000
3 | Teddy | 23 | Norway | 20000
4 | Mark | 25 | Rich-Mond | 65000
5 | David | 27 | Texas | 85000
6 | Kim | 22 | South-Hall| 45000
7 | James | 24 | Houston | 10000
(7 rows)
下面的例子显示记录的名称计数小于2:
testdb-# SELECT NAME FROM COMPANY GROUP BY name HAVING count(name) < 2;
这将产生以下结果:
name
-------
Teddy
Paul
Mark
David
Allen
Kim
James
(7 rows)
现在,让我们来创建COMPANY 表于的三条记录使用下面的INSERT语句:
INSERT INTO COMPANY VALUES (8, 'Paul', 24, 'Houston', 20000.00);
INSERT INTO COMPANY VALUES (9, 'James', 44, 'Norway', 5000.00);
INSERT INTO COMPANY VALUES (10, 'James', 45, 'Texas', 5000.00);
现在我们的表名称重复的记录:
id | name | age | address | salary
----+-------+-----+--------------+--------
1 | Paul | 32 | California | 20000
2 | Allen | 25 | Texas | 15000
3 | Teddy | 23 | Norway | 20000
4 | Mark | 25 | Rich-Mond | 65000
5 | David | 27 | Texas | 85000
6 | Kim | 22 | South-Hall | 45000
7 | James | 24 | Houston | 10000
8 | Paul | 24 | Houston | 20000
9 | James | 44 | Norway | 5000
10 | James | 45 | Texas | 5000
(10 rows)
下面的例子会显示名称数量大于1的记录:
testdb-# SELECT NAME FROM COMPANY GROUP BY name HAVING count(name) > 1;
这将产生以下结果:
name
-------
Paul
James
(2 rows)