发布于 2018-03-16 22:27:16 | 191 次阅读 | 评论: 0 | 来源: 网友投递
AngularJS 前端JS框架
AngularJS诞生于Google是一款优秀的前端JS框架,已经被用于Google的多款产品当中。AngularJS有着诸多特性,最为核心的是:MVC、模块化、自动化双向数据绑定、语义化标签、依赖注入,等等。
Angular表单验证分为两种验证:1.内置验证(required,minlength等);2.自定义验证(正则表达式)。
接下来我们用一个注册账号的demo来看一下这两种验证是如何实现的。
项目界面
一、内置验证
其中账户名有required验证和最短长度验证,其他两个只有required验证
1.项目目录
----------app.component.ts
----------app.component.html
----------app.component.css
----------app.module.ts
2.项目代码
app.module.ts
import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { FormsModule,ReactiveFormsModule } from '@angular/forms';//表单验证必须导入这两个模块
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';
@NgModule({
declarations: [
AppComponent
],
imports: [
BrowserModule,
FormsModule, //注册模块
ReactiveFormsModule
],
providers: [],
bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule { }
app.component.ts
import { Component,OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { FormGroup, FormControl, Validators } from '@angular/forms';
@Component({
selector: 'app-root',
templateUrl: './app.component.html',
styleUrls: ['./app.component.css']
})
export class AppComponent {
title = 'app';
Form:FormGroup;
data={
name:"",
email:"",
tel:""
}
ngOnInit(): void {
this.Form = new FormGroup({
'name': new FormControl(this.data.name, [
Validators.required,
Validators.minLength(4)
]),
'email': new FormControl(this.data.email, Validators.required),
'tel': new FormControl(this.data.tel, Validators.required)
});
}
get name() { return this.Form.get('name'); }
get email() { return this.Form.get('email'); }
get tel() { return this.Form.get('tel'); }
}
简单来说,在使用验证表单的时候,大致分为四步:
(1)导入相关模块FormGroup, FormControl, Validators;
(2)声明表单验证变量From:FromGroup;
(3)定义验证规则;
(4)通过它所属的控件组(FormGroup)的get方法来访问表单控件
app.component.html
<div class="wrapper">
<div class="row">
<p class="title-wrapper">注册账号</p>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="contain-wrapper" [formGroup]="Form">
<label for="name">账户名:</label>
<input type="text" id="name" formControlName="name"><br/>
<div *ngIf="name.invalid && (name.dirty || name.touched)" class="alert alert-danger">
<div *ngIf="name.errors.required">
请输入长度账户名!
</div>
<div *ngIf="name.errors.minlength">
账户名长度不小于4!
</div>
</div>
<label for="email">邮箱:</label>
<input type="text" id="email" formControlName="email"><br/>
<div *ngIf="email.invalid && (email.dirty || email.touched)" class="alert alert-danger">
<div *ngIf="email.errors.required">
请输入邮箱!
</div>
</div>
<label for="tel">电话:</label>
<input type="text" id="tel" formControlName="tel">
<div *ngIf="tel.invalid && (tel.dirty || tel.touched)" class="alert alert-danger">
<div *ngIf="tel.errors.required">
请输入电话!
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<button class="btn btn-primary confirm">确认</button>
</div>
</div>
app.component.css
*{
font-size: 18px;
}
.wrapper{
margin: 0 auto;
margin-top:10%;
width:30%;
height: 20%;
border:1px solid black;
border-radius: 10px;
}
.title-wrapper{
margin: 0 auto;
padding-top: 20px;
padding-bottom: 20px;
width:370px;
text-align: center;
font-size: 20px;
font-weight: 800;
}
label{
display: inline-block;
width:72px;
}
.contain-wrapper{
width: 300px;
margin:0 auto;
}
.confirm{
margin-top:20px;
width:100%;
}
3.项目效果
二、自定义验证
自定义表单验证,需要创建自定义验证器,我们接下来更改邮箱的验证,将其改为有格式的验证,而不是单纯的存在验证,首先我们来看一下项目目录的更改
1.项目目录
----------app.component.ts
----------app.component.html
----------app.component.css
----------app.module.ts
----------emailAuthentication.ts
2.项目代码
app.module.ts
注册自定义验证器EmailValidatorDirective
import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { FormsModule,ReactiveFormsModule } from '@angular/forms';
import { EmailValidatorDirective } from './emailAuthentication';
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';
@NgModule({
declarations: [
AppComponent,
EmailValidatorDirective
],
imports: [
BrowserModule,
FormsModule,
ReactiveFormsModule
],
providers: [],
bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule { }
emailAuthentication.ts
import { Directive, Input, OnChanges, SimpleChanges } from '@angular/core';
import { AbstractControl, NG_VALIDATORS, Validator, ValidatorFn, Validators } from '@angular/forms';
/** A hero's name can't match the given regular expression */
export function emailValidator(nameRe: RegExp): ValidatorFn {
return (control: AbstractControl): { [key: string]: any } => {
const forbidden = !nameRe.test(control.value);
return forbidden ? { 'forbiddenName': { value: control.value } } : null;
};
}
@Directive({
selector: '[appForbiddenName]',
providers: [{ provide: NG_VALIDATORS, useExisting: EmailValidatorDirective, multi: true }]
})
export class EmailValidatorDirective implements Validator {
@Input() forbiddenName: string;
validate(control: AbstractControl): { [key: string]: any } {
return this.forbiddenName ? emailValidator(new RegExp(this.forbiddenName, 'i'))(control)
: null;
}
}
app.component.ts
import { Component,OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { FormGroup, FormControl, Validators } from '@angular/forms';
import { emailValidator } from './emailAuthentication'; //导入emailValidator自定义验证器
@Component({
selector: 'app-root',
templateUrl: './app.component.html',
styleUrls: ['./app.component.css']
})
export class AppComponent {
title = 'app';
//email的正则表达式
emailExp = /^([a-zA-Z0-9_-])+@([a-zA-Z0-9_-])+(.[a-zA-Z0-9_-])+/ ;
Form:FormGroup;
data={
name:"",
email:"",
tel:""
}
ngOnInit(): void {
this.Form = new FormGroup({
'name': new FormControl(this.data.name, [
Validators.required,
Validators.minLength(4)
]),
'email': new FormControl(this.data.email, [
Validators.required,
emailValidator(this.emailExp) //自定义验证器
]),
'tel': new FormControl(this.data.tel, Validators.required)
});
}
get name() { return this.Form.get('name'); }
get email() { return this.Form.get('email'); }
get tel() { return this.Form.get('tel'); }
}
app.component.html
<div class="wrapper">
<div class="row">
<p class="title-wrapper">注册账号</p>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="contain-wrapper" [formGroup]="Form">
<label for="name">账户名:</label>
<input type="text" id="name" formControlName="name"><br/>
<div *ngIf="name.invalid && (name.dirty || name.touched)" class="alert alert-danger">
<div *ngIf="name.errors.required">
请输入账户名!
</div>
<div *ngIf="name.errors.minlength">
账户名长度不小于4!
</div>
</div>
<label for="email">邮箱:</label>
<input type="text" id="email" formControlName="email" required><br/>
<div *ngIf="email.invalid && (email.dirty || email.touched)" class="alert alert-danger">
<div *ngIf="email.errors.forbiddenName">
请输入正确格式的邮箱!
</div>
</div>
<label for="tel">电话:</label>
<input type="text" id="tel" formControlName="tel">
<div *ngIf="tel.invalid && (tel.dirty || tel.touched)" class="alert alert-danger">
<div *ngIf="tel.errors.required">
请输入电话!
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<button class="btn btn-primary confirm" [disabled]="Form.invalid" >确认</button>
</div>
</div>
在最后确认的时候,我们设置一下按钮的disabled属性,在表单验证不通过的时候,确认按钮是点击不了的,显示不可点击状态。[disabled]="Form.invalid"。
3.项目效果
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持phperz。