发布于 2016-04-22 00:32:51 | 301 次阅读 | 评论: 0 | 来源: 网友投递
Qt 跨平台的C++图形用户界面应用程序框架
Qt是一个1991年由奇趣科技开发的跨平台C++图形用户界面应用程序开发框架。它既可以开发GUI程序，也可用于开发非GUI程序，比如控制台工具和服务器。Qt是面向对象的框架，使用特殊的代码生成扩展（称为元对象编译器(Meta Object Compiler, moc)）以及一些宏，易于扩展，允许组件编程。
Qt 5.7不再兼容C++98，是一个全面体现C++11优势的版本，从底层实现到api设计，充分使用C++11特性，比如非常方便的auto和lambda函数。由于Qt5.6是一个LTS版本，所以设计时向C++98靠拢，使用了少量的C++11特性。Qt5.7将是更加令人期待的版本。
Qt5.7的新特性：
C++11 Support Required from the compiler
Qt has enabled usage of C++11 in Qt applications for a long time, but with Qt 5.7 we are also enabling use of C++11 in the Qt modules. Therefore Qt 5.7 requires C++11 support from the compiler, and has removed support from older compilers not providing adequate C++11 support.
New Features (within existing modules)
Qt Core
Added qAsConst function to help using non-const Qt containers in C++11 range for loops
Qt event dispatchers use the poll() function on Unix now, making it possible for applications to have file descriptors > 1024
Added the ability to convert a floating point to its shortest, exact string form, without having to pre-calculate how many digits that is; QVariant uses this
Many clean-ups related to C++11, including using std::atomic as backend for QAtomic classes and adding QTypeInfo for char16_t and char32_t
QIODevice now supports multistreaming
QPluginLoader now works even if QT_NO_LIBRARY is set (e.g., linking against a static libc)
Qt GUI
QImage smooth scale optimized for NEON.
Optimized the OpenGL function wrappers for speed and code size. QtGui library size has been significantly reduced due to a massive reduction in symbols.
Qt Widgets
QTabBar now delegates placement of tab scroll buttons to the style.
Qt Style Sheets can now optionally let widgets inherit font and palette from their parents.
Qt WebEngine
Based on Chromium 49
Drag'n'Drop
Printing to PDF
Spellchecking
Audio played in tab notification.
Support for DRM-protected HTML5 video using Widevine pepper plugin
API for evaluating javascript or installing qwebchannel in secure isolated javascript worlds
Qt QML
Added JIT support for WinRT on x86 and x64.
Enabled JIT for 64-bit ARM Linux platforms.
All debug services now work with QJSEngine rather than QQmlEngine, which allows for non-QML JavaScript debugging or profiling.
The JavaScript debug service now supports debugging of multiple QJSEngine instances at the same time.
Qt Quick
The inspector service now supports all subclasses of QQuickWindow, which makes Qt Creator's inspection feature useful.
Embedded platforms
Added support for NVIDIA DRIVE CX boards (Tegra X1, AArch64)
Improved theming support with eglfs
Desktop platforms
X11: QMenuBar uses the unified D-Bus AppMenu menubar when the desktop environment supports it (e.g. Ubuntu Unity)
Mobile platforms
Android: Qt can now be used to easily create Android Services.
Qt Canvas 3D
New version of three.js
Qt NFC
API ported to Android.
Qt Multimedia
Added support for tvOS.
Extended QML playlist API.
Qt Bluetooth
Technical preview for Qt Bluetooth Low Energy peripheral role feature (Bluez only)
New Modules
Qt 3D
Support for Compute Shaders on supported hardware
Support for loading multi-image DDS and KTX textures including cubemaps, mip chains, array textures
Improved support for compressed texture formats
Render surface made explicit - will later allow for multiple renders of the same scene to different surfaces and other use cases
Extended Input API and support for device plugins
Picking support improved
Qt Quick Controls 2
Default style - a simple and minimal all-round style that offers the maximum performance
Material style - a style based on the Google Material Design Guidelines
Universal style - a style based on the Microsoft Universal Design Guidelines
A new light-weight set of embedded and mobile oriented controls
Based on a flexible template system that enables rapid development of entire custom styles and user experiences
Built-in styles:
Can be mixed with Qt Quick Controls 1.0, but the APIs are not compatible
Qt Charts
Previously commercial-only Qt Charts module is now included in Qt under also GPLv3 license for open source users
Qt Data Visualization
Previously commercial-only Qt Data Visualization module is now included in Qt under also GPLv3 license for open source users
Qt Virtual Keyboard
Previously commercial-only Qt Virtual Keyboard module is now included in Qt under also GPLv3 license for open source users
Qt Purchasing
Previously commercial-only Qt Purchasing module is now included in Qt under also LGPLv3 and GPLv3 license for open source users
Qt Quick 2D Renderer
Previously commercial-only Qt Quick 2D Renderer module is now included in Qt under also GPLv3 license for open source users
Technology Preview Modules
Qt Wayland Compositor
Pure QML API
Improved C++ API with added convenience
New convenient API for making extensions and using them from both QML and C++
Qt SCXML
Completely new module for C++ and QML
Static and runtime integration of SCXML models into Qt code
Qt Gamepad
New module to process input from gamepads in C++ and QML applications.
Supports Windows (XInput), Linux (evdev), Android, iOS.
Qt Serial Bus
New module for C++
Supports Modbus and CAN bus
Deprecated Modules
The following modules are part of Qt 5.6 release, but deprecated and considered for removal in subsequent releases of Qt:
Qt Script
Removed Modules
With Qt 5.7 the following modules are no longer part of the final release packages:
Qt Enginio
Configurations
Qt 5.7 has deprecated configurations that do not provide adequate C++11 support. For details, please see Qt 5.7 Tools and Versions in the wiki.
Mobile platforms: Minimum required versions upgraded to iOS 7 and Android 4.1
via qt