发布于 2015-12-31 04:05:17 | 276 次阅读 | 评论: 0 | 来源: PHPERZ
Apache Maven 项目构建工具
Maven是一个项目管理工具,它包含了一个项目对象模型 (Project Object Model),一组标准集合,一个项目生命周期(Project Lifecycle),一个依赖管理系统(Dependency Management System),和用来运行定义在生命周期阶段(phase)中插件(plugin)目标(goal)的逻辑。当你使用Maven的时候,你用一个明确定义的项目对象模型来描述你的项目,然后Maven可以应用横切的逻辑,这些逻辑来自一组共享的(或者自定义的)插件。
从Maven模板创建web项目,命令如下:
$ mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId={project-packaging} -DartifactId={project-name} -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp -DinteractiveMode=false
示例:
$ mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.citrix -DartifactId=stapler-study -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp -DinteractiveMode=false
一个新的web项目stapler-study就创建成功,它的代码目录结构也自动创建完成。
打开代码目录下的/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
<web-app>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
</web-app>
Servlet 2.3太老了,可以将其升级为3.0
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="stapler-study" version="3.0">
<display-name>Stapler Study</display-name>
</web-app>
在Eclipse IDE中导入项目 方法1 使用maven的eclipse插件生成eclipse的web项目配配置文件
mvn eclipse:eclipse -Dwtpversion=2.0
将项目导入IDE, File->Import...->General->Exist Projects into workspace 添加Maven支持,选中项目右键Configure->Convert to maven project
方法2 直接作为maven项目导入File->Import...->Maven->Exist Maven Projects
更新POM
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.citrix</groupId>
<artifactId>stapler-study</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>stapler-study Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>stapler-study</finalName>
</build>
</project>
添加依赖包及支持的JAVA版本
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.citrix</groupId>
<artifactId>stapler-study</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>stapler-study Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<jdk.version>1.8</jdk.version>
<junit.version>4.11</junit.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>stapler-study</finalName>
<plugins>
<!-- Eclipse project -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-eclipse-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.9</version>
<configuration>
<!-- Always download and attach dependencies source code -->
<downloadSources>true</downloadSources>
<downloadJavadocs>false</downloadJavadocs>
<!-- Avoid type mvn eclipse:eclipse -Dwtpversion=2.0 -->
<wtpversion>2.0</wtpversion>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- Set JDK Compiler Level -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.3.2</version>
<configuration>
<source>${jdk.version}</source>
<target>${jdk.version}</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>