发布于 2014-08-19 11:51:37 | 9329 次阅读 | 评论: 0 | 来源: 网友投递
PHP开源脚本语言
PHP（外文名: Hypertext Preprocessor，中文名：“超文本预处理器”）是一种通用开源脚本语言。语法吸收了C语言、Java和Perl的特点，入门门槛较低，易于学习，使用广泛，主要适用于Web开发领域。PHP的文件后缀名为php。
本文讲解是在mac系统下安装php开发环境,MAC本来就自带了 php，但是很多扩展没有安装，所以选择了重新安装php并升级到最新版，下面说说安装步骤，感兴趣的同学参考下.
brew简介:
Brew 是 Mac 下面的包管理工具，通过 Github 托管适合 Mac 的编译配置以及 Patch，可以方便的安装开发工具。 Mac 自带ruby 所以安装起来很方便，同时它也会自动把git也给你装上。官方网站： http://brew.sh
安装方法：
ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.github.com/Homebrew/homebrew/go/install)"
使用以下方法可以查看brew是否安装成功，以及目前的版本：
liondeMacBook-Pro:~ lion$ brew -v Homebrew 0.9.5
添加brew的PHP扩展库：
liondeMacBook-Pro:~ lion$ brew update liondeMacBook-Pro:~ lion$ brew tap homebrew/dupes liondeMacBook-Pro:~ lion$ brew tap homebrew/php liondeMacBook-Pro:~ lion$ brew tap josegonzalez/homebrew-php
可以使用brew options php55命令查看安装时可以有哪些选项，因为我之前安装过curl、libxslt、openssl所以，在选项中会提示是否使用brew安装的相关扩展：
liondeMacBook-Pro:Library lion$ brew options php55 --disable-opcache Build without Opcache extension --disable-zend-multibyte Disable auto-detection of Unicode encoded scripts (PHP 5.2 and 5.3 only) --homebrew-apxs Build against apxs in Homebrew prefix --with-apache Enable building of shared Apache 2.0 Handler module, overriding any options which disable apache --with-cgi Enable building of the CGI executable (implies --without-apache) --with-debug Compile with debugging symbols --with-fpm Enable building of the fpm SAPI executable (implies --without-apache) --with-gmp Build with gmp support --with-homebrew-curl Include Curl support via Homebrew --with-homebrew-libxslt Include LibXSLT support via Homebrew --with-homebrew-openssl Include OpenSSL support via Homebrew --with-imap Include IMAP extension --with-intl Include internationalization support --with-libmysql Include (old-style) libmysql support instead of mysqlnd --with-mssql Include MSSQL-DB support --with-pdo-oci Include Oracle databases (requries ORACLE_HOME be set) --with-pgsql Include PostgreSQL support --with-phpdbg Enable building of the phpdbg SAPI executable (PHP 5.4 and above) --with-thread-safety Build with thread safety --with-tidy Include Tidy support --without-bz2 Build without bz2 support --without-mysql Remove MySQL/MariaDB support --without-pcntl Build without Process Control support --without-pear Build without PEAR --HEAD install HEAD version
开始安装PHP5.5.15，安装后的php-fpm.ini以及php.ini都在目录：/usr/local/etc/php/5.5/下面
liondeMacBook-Pro:Library lion$ brew install php55 --with-mssql --with-homebrew-openssl --with-homebrew-libxslt --with-homebrew-curl --with-fpm --with-debug --with-gmp --with-imap --with-tidy --with-libmysql
==> Installing dependencies for php55: curl, freetds, gmp
==> Installing php55 dependency: curl
==> Downloading https://downloads.sf.net/project/machomebrew/Bottles/curl-7.37.1.mavericks.bottle.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring curl-7.37.1.mavericks.bottle.tar.gz
==> Caveats
This formula is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local.
Mac OS X already provides this software and installing another version in
parallel can cause all kinds of trouble.
Generally there are no consequences of this for you. If you build your
own software and it requires this formula, you'll need to add to your
build variables:
LDFLAGS: -L/usr/local/opt/curl/lib
CPPFLAGS: -I/usr/local/opt/curl/include
==> Summary
/usr/local/Cellar/curl/7.37.1: 285 files, 2.8M
==> Installing php55 dependency: freetds
==> Downloading http://mirrors.ibiblio.org/freetds/stable/freetds-0.91.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/freetds/0.91 --with-openssl=/usr/local/opt/openssl --with-tdsver=7.1 --mandir=/usr
==> make
==> make install
/usr/local/Cellar/freetds/0.91: 600 files, 9.9M, built in 2.2 minutes
==> Installing php55 dependency: gmp
==> Downloading https://downloads.sf.net/project/machomebrew/Bottles/gmp-6.0.0a.mavericks.bottle.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring gmp-6.0.0a.mavericks.bottle.tar.gz
/usr/local/Cellar/gmp/6.0.0a: 15 files, 3.2M
==> Installing php55
==> Downloading http://www.php.net/get/php-5.5.15.tar.bz2/from/this/mirror
Already downloaded: /Library/Caches/Homebrew/php55-5.5.15
==> ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/php55/5.5.15 --localstatedir=/usr/local/var --sysconfdir=/usr/local/etc/php/5.5 --
==> make
==> make install
==> /usr/local/Cellar/php55/5.5.15/bin/pear config-set php_ini /usr/local/etc/php/5.5/php.ini
==> Caveats
The php.ini file can be found in:
/usr/local/etc/php/5.5/php.ini
✩✩✩✩ PEAR ✩✩✩✩
If PEAR complains about permissions, 'fix' the default PEAR permissions and config:
chmod -R ug+w /usr/local/Cellar/php55/5.5.15/lib/php
pear config-set php_ini /usr/local/etc/php/5.5/php.ini
✩✩✩✩ Extensions ✩✩✩✩
If you are having issues with custom extension compiling, ensure that
you are using the brew version, by placing /usr/local/bin before /usr/sbin in your PATH:
PATH="/usr/local/bin:$PATH"
PHP55 Extensions will always be compiled against this PHP. Please install them
using --without-homebrew-php to enable compiling against system PHP.
✩✩✩✩ PHP CLI ✩✩✩✩
If you wish to swap the PHP you use on the command line, you should add the following to ~/.bashrc,
~/.zshrc, ~/.profile or your shell's equivalent configuration file:
export PATH="$(brew --prefix homebrew/php/php55)/bin:$PATH"
✩✩✩✩ FPM ✩✩✩✩
To launch php-fpm on startup:
* If this is your first install:
mkdir -p ~/Library/LaunchAgents
cp /usr/local/Cellar/php55/5.5.15/homebrew.mxcl.php55.plist ~/Library/LaunchAgents/
launchctl load -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.php55.plist
* If this is an upgrade and you already have the homebrew.mxcl.php55.plist loaded:
launchctl unload -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.php55.plist
cp /usr/local/Cellar/php55/5.5.15/homebrew.mxcl.php55.plist ~/Library/LaunchAgents/
launchctl load -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.php55.plist
The control script is located at /usr/local/Cellar/php55/5.5.15/sbin/php55-fpm
Mountain Lion comes with php-fpm pre-installed, to ensure you are using the brew version you need to make sure /usr/local/sbin is before /usr/sbin in your PATH:
PATH="/usr/local/sbin:$PATH"
You may also need to edit the plist to use the correct "UserName".
Please note that the plist was called 'homebrew-php.josegonzalez.php55.plist' in old versions
of this formula.
To have launchd start php55 at login:
ln -sfv /usr/local/opt/php55/*.plist ~/Library/LaunchAgents
Then to load php55 now:
launchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.php55.plist
==> Summary
/usr/local/Cellar/php55/5.5.15: 477 files, 43M, built in 3.9 minutes
过程中如果出现configure: error: Cannot find OpenSSL's <evp.h>这样的错误，请执行以下命令，将xcode进行更新：
xcode-select --install
在PHP5安装完成的提示中写到，如何进行PHP5和mac自带的php以及php-fpm替换，执行以下命令后，我们可以看到当前的php版本已经是最新的了：
liondeMacBook-Pro:~ lion$ echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH' >> ~/.bash_profile liondeMacBook-Pro:~ lion$ echo 'export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH' >> ~/.bash_profile liondeMacBook-Pro:~ lion$ echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:$PATH' >> ~/.bash_profile liondeMacBook-Pro:~ lion$ source ~/.bash_profile liondeMacBook-Pro:~ lion$ php -v PHP 5.5.15 (cli) (built: Aug 14 2014 15:37:16) (DEBUG) Copyright (c) 1997-2014 The PHP Group Zend Engine v2.5.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2014 Zend Technologies liondeMacBook-Pro:~ lion$
使用brew search php55-命令，可以查看还有哪些扩展可以安装，然后执行brew install php55-XXX就可以了。
liondeMacBook-Pro:~ lion$ brew search php55- php55-amqp php55-igbinary php55-msgpack php55-runkit php55-varnish php55-apcu php55-imagick php55-mysqlnd_ms php55-scrypt php55-vld php55-augmentedtypes php55-inclued php55-oauth php55-snappy php55-wbxml php55-binpack php55-intl php55-opcache php55-solr php55-xcache php55-blitz php55-ioncubeloader php55-parsekit php55-sphinx php55-xdebug php55-boxwood php55-jsmin php55-pcntl php55-spl-types php55-xhgui php55-chdb php55-judy php55-pdflib php55-ssh2 php55-xhp php55-couchbase php55-leveldb php55-pdo-dblib php55-stats php55-xhprof php55-crypto php55-libevent php55-pdo-pgsql php55-stemmer php55-xmldiff php55-dbase php55-libvirt php55-phalcon php55-sundown php55-yac php55-dbus php55-lz4 php55-proctitle php55-svm php55-yaf php55-dmtx php55-lzf php55-propro php55-swoole php55-yaml php55-ev php55-mailparse php55-protobuf php55-thrift php55-yar php55-gearman php55-mcrypt php55-pspell php55-tidy php55-yaz php55-geoip php55-memcache php55-pthreads php55-timezonedb php55-yp php55-gmagick php55-memcached php55-raphf php55-tokyotyrant php55-yrmcds php55-graphdat php55-midgard2 php55-redis php55-twig php55-zmq php55-htscanner php55-mongo php55-redland php55-uploadprogress php55-zookeeper php55-http php55-mosquitto php55-riak php55-uuid
我安装的是以下php5.5几个扩展：
liondeMacBook-Pro:~ lion$ brew install php55-imagick php55-igbinary php55-ev php55-gmagick php55-geoip php55-memcache php55-memcached php55-thrift php55-xdebug php55-sphinx composer
接下来我们测试php-fpm的配置是否正确，以及是否正确启动：
#测试php-fpm配置是否正确
liondeMacBook-Pro:bin lion$ php-fpm -t
[14-Aug-2014 16:14:30] NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/etc/php/5.5/php-fpm.conf test is successful
liondeMacBook-Pro:bin lion$ php-fpm -c /usr/local/etc/php/5.5/php.ini -y /usr/local/etc/php/5.5/php-fpm.conf -t
[14-Aug-2014 16:14:48] NOTICE: configuration file /usr/local/etc/php/5.5/php-fpm.conf test is successful
#启动php-fpm
liondeMacBook-Pro:bin lion$ launchctl load -w ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.php55.plist
#查看9000端口是否在运行
liondeMacBook-Pro:bin lion$ lsof -i:9000
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
php-fpm 51241 lion 8u IPv4 0xce9d0f6417637937 0t0 TCP localhost:cslistener (LISTEN)
php-fpm 51243 lion 0u IPv4 0xce9d0f6417637937 0t0 TCP localhost:cslistener (LISTEN)
php-fpm 51244 lion 0u IPv4 0xce9d0f6417637937 0t0 TCP localhost:cslistener (LISTEN)
php-fpm 51245 lion 0u IPv4 0xce9d0f6417637937 0t0 TCP localhost:cslistener (LISTEN)
#关闭掉php-fpm进程，再查看9000端口，没有监听了
liondeMacBook-Pro:bin lion$ ps aux|grep php-fpm|grep -v 'grep'|awk '{print $2}'|xargs kill -9
liondeMacBook-Pro:bin lion$ lsof -i:9000
liondeMacBook-Pro:bin lion$
设置PHP-FPM开机运行（其实在安装完成的提示中，也有说明）：
ln -sfv /usr/local/opt/php55/*.plist ~/Library/LaunchAgents launchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.php55.plist